Shri Krishna Speaks: Arundhati Nyaaya

Here the teacher first points to a tree, then to one of its branches, then to one of its leaves, and then to the star that is right next to the tree.

जय श्री कृष्ण
श्रीमद्‍भगवद्‍गीता - 15. 20

_इति गुह्यतमं शास्त्रमिदमुक्तं मयानघ ।_
_एतद्‍बुद्ध्वा बुद्धिमान्स्यात्कृतकृत्यश्च भारत॥_

भावार्थ:
हे निष्पाप अर्जुन! इस प्रकार यह शास्त्रों का अति गोपनीय रहस्य मेरे द्वारा कहा गया है, हे भरतवंशी जो मनुष्य इस परम-ज्ञान को इसी प्रकार से समझता है वह बुद्धिमान हो जाता है और उसके सभी प्रयत्न पूर्ण हो जाते हैं। (२०)

Meaning:
Thus, this foremost secret has been taught to you by me, O sinless one. Having known this, one becomes wise and accomplishes all his duties, O Bhaarata.

Explanation:

When you ask the question - can you stop working right now and retire, you get a couple of answers. Some people say that they have still so many desires, so many plans to fulfill, that’s why they cannot retire. Other people say that they still have so much to learn from the world, so much knowledge to acquire. Shri Krishna concludes this chapter by asserting that one who has truly understood the teaching of this chapter has accomplished whatever anyone can accomplish in this world, plus he has also known whatever can be known in this world.


Why does he say that whatever has to be known has been covered in this chapter? The highest knowledge to be known in this world is the understanding of three topics. What is the nature of the individual soul (who am I), what is this world and where did it come from, and what is beyond this world (is there a God). Any text that conclusively answers these three questions is termed a shaastra, a science. The fifteenth chapter of the Gita does so, and hence it is worthy of being termed a shaastra.

The method used to reveal Purushottama, the pure eternal essence, is to gradually move from the tangible to the intangible, from the visible to the subtle, from the visible universe to the invisible Prakriti to Purushottama who is beyond both. This method is known as Arundhati nyaaya, the technique of revealing the location of the star known as Arundhati. Here the teacher first points to a tree, then to one of its branches, then to one of its leaves, and then to the star that is right next to the tree. Without doing this step by step revelation, it would not have been possible to reveal the position of the star.


So then, the teaching of this chapter is called the foremost secret. It is secret because such knowledge is not accessible to any of these sense organs. It has to be revealed through a teacher who has had direct experience of the eternal essence. Furthermore, it has to be taught to a student who is straightforward and without sin like Arjuna. Shri Shankaraachaarya goes so far as to say that this chapter summarizes the teachings of all of the Vedic scriptures.

Chant The mantra you have faith in